JOURNAL OF SOCIAL, HUMANITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES (JOSHAS), Year 2021 Issue 36

WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND TOURISM UNDER THE SCOPE OF SUSTAINABILITY IN TURKEY; SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT PROBLEMS

H.Neyir TEKELİ,, Gül YILMAZ — 2024-08-29

The economic growth of Turkey which has a fragile economy and making its economic potential more effective will be through the provision of new jobs. To create new business areas, entrepreneurship activities of entrepreneurs and especially of women should be encouraged International organisaitonal like International Labour Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations define the tourism sector as a field of opportunity, especially for the participation of the female workforce in the employment of the states and strengthening the women employment. The potential of the tourism industry to provide an opportunity to have women workforce to participate in the employment of the country, at the global and national level poses a rising momentum not only in Turkey but all over the world.It can be said that women's entrepreneurship offers significant benefits and opportunities to economic and social life, and it creates a significant leverage force with the potential entrepreneurship activities of women in developing their own country's economies. For example, in Europe (the European Union and other countries) estimates indicate that about 16 million employers have more than 10 million self-employed women and 6.4 million of those who employ 9.2 million people in America are self-employed. Thus, female bosses represent a significant part of the entrepreneurial economy. As for Turkey, compared to other European countries the proportion of female entrepreneurs remains quite low and is stated to be 13% (Delmar, 2003: 14).The entrepreneurship approach, which has started to develop rapidly since the 1980s, has become an area of interest for women as well as men, which makes them indispensable actors of business life in this process. Especially in our country, which has a fragile economy, it is an important issue to emphasize that the way of growing the economy, getting rich, activating the unused potential and creating new jobs is passing through the promotion of women's entrepreneurship activities. In this context, policies and programs supporting women entrepreneurs should be brought to the fore and women should see the power to mobilize their potential in economic and social life.The labor-intensive feature of the tourism sector also plays a saving role in preventing unemployment by increasing employment. In the tourism sector which takes place in the services sector, between the years 1996-2016; 2 million 210 thousand people are employed in Turkey. Likewise, the share of the tourism sector in the total employment between the years of 1996-2016 was around 8 % in general. According to estimates, the total number of employment in the tourism sector in 2025 will reach 2 million 817 thousand people (Şit, M., 2016, p.101). As of 2013, the rate of the male labor force in Turkey, working in the tourism industry was 70% while the rate of the female labor force is around 30%. Employment rates in the tourism sector; while it was 74.3% of men in 2006, it decreased to 70.1% in 2013, and as of women, it increased from 25.7% to 29.9% (Uğuz and Topbaş 2016: P. 67). This increasing trend can be explained by the fact that tourism companies employ female employees with a rising positive momentum, but it is also important data for the female labor force and employment in the tourism sector. In this research, it will be carried out a literature study on women entrepreneurs in tourism and their current situation in Turkey.

RECREATIONAL SITUATION ANALYSIS IN URBAN RIVER CORRIDORS: CANKIRI TATLIÇAY CASE

Özgür Burhan TİMUR, — 2024-08-29

Recreation is a word that has passed into our language from the Latin word recreatic, which means to relax, have fun, and regeneration. We can define that people do for the relaxing and fun activities without their daily routines as recreational activities, and areas that have the potential to perform these activities as recreation areas. Recreation areas are important areas for urban ecology. as well as provide psychological, physical and social needs of the people. Urban parks, forests, open green areas and stream corridors are important potential areas for the recreational needs of the people. In this study, a survey was conducted with random sampling method to 101 people by calculating according to the city population in the river corridor, which passes through the city in Çankırı and is a potential recreation area for the city. In the study in which the recreational tendencies and demands of the users were investigated, were determined the deficiencies of the area and were made suggestions to increase the quality of recreational activities in the area. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the area had problems in terms of safety and cleanliness for recreational activities, and should be increased for sports, running and walking areas

A REVIEW ON NEW NOTATION PRACTICES OF 20TH CENTURY MUSIC

Kutup Ata TUNCER, — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to examine new trends that emerged with 20th century music and new notation forms. Traditional notation, which has been developing since the beginning of the Middle Ages, preserved its general structure until the 20th century, although the musical style in each period has changed. However, different methods have been tried to express the musical expression of the modern period. Whether these searches meet the needs has become a question mark. Although there are many notation approaches proposed in the 20th century, traditional notation is still preferred today. In order to understand the reasons for this, it is necessary to examine the new music movements that emerged in the 20th century and understand why these current composers oppose tradition in their understanding of composition. Towards the end of the 1800s, Romanticism brought all the musical accumulation it received from the classical style to its peak. All elements of music (harmony, rhythm, melody, form, orchestration, etc.) have been brought to a level where the limits are pushed. While the chromatism of the Romantic era was gradually coming to an end, the atonality of the 20th century began to take its place. Particularly serialist approaches have been the pioneers of this trend. This study examines the new approaches put forward in the 20th century new music that started with the end of Romanticism and how these approaches are tried to be applied with an understanding of notation. In the study, whether the notations put forward provide permanence until today is examined together with the reasons. As a result, it has been revealed that the notations of the 20th century are complex and difficult to perform.

ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE AND ART CENTER TEACHERS' THINKING STYLES ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT VARIABLES

Zehra TOPAL ALTINDİŞ,; Serap EMİR , Oktay KILIÇ — 2024-08-29

The aim of the research is in general in Turkey Science and Art Centers (SAC) mission is to examine the thinking styles of teachers engaged. On the other hand, “Which thinking styles of Bilsem teachers chose / preferred the least and the most” was researched. In addition, “Bilsem teachers' thinking styles towards / preferred; branch, professional seniority, gender, age and education level etc. it was investigated whether it differentiates statistically according to the variables. Within the scope of the research, a total of 240 (134 female, 106 male) SAC teachers from various branches were reached at SAC. In this study, Personal Information Form developed by the researcher was used and the Thinking Styles Scale developed by Sternberg and Wagner (1992) and adapted to Turkish by Buluş (2006), were used to determine the thinking styles of SAC teachers. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to determine whether the thinking styles of SAC teachers differ according to independent variables. As a result of the research, while the most preferred thinking styles of SAC teachers were Judgment (x̄ = 28, 72), Legislative (x̄ = 28, 44) and Liberal / Innovative (x̄ = 28.00) thinking styles, the least preferred thinking styles were Conservative ( x̄ = 14.91) and Global (x̄ = 17.45) thinking styles. These differences obtained as a result of the research were discussed and suggestions were presented.

TEACHERS' VIEWS ON THE PROJECT ON SUPPORTING THE INTEGRATION OF SYRIAN CHILDREN INTO THE TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM (PIKTES)

Ahmet ÜSTÜN,, Derya ALİMCAN — 2024-08-29

After the immigration from Syria to our country, a supportive project for the Integration of Syrian Children into the Turkish Education System (PİKTES) has been applied so that the children at school age will not be deprived of education. The aim of this study is to investigate the opinions of the teachers who involved in the PİKTES Project. With the help of this study it is aimed to determine the problems of the teachers and offer solutions to these problems. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The study group of the research consists of 8 teachers who worked in the PİKTES project in the 2020-2021 academic year. The data was collected via semi-structured interview method . According to the data obtained, the problems faced by teachers are: absence of certain program in the project, resource and material problems, difficulties in communicating with parents, insufficient personel rights and unqualifield teacher training. At the end of the research, solutions were offered by the the researchers considering these problems.

HORSE FIGURE IN PRE-MODERN AND MODERN WESTERN PAINTING

Arif Hikmet BAŞEĞMEZ,, Okan BOYDAŞ — 2024-08-29

Horses, which have been used by human beings for many purposes since the times they were tamed, have also been used as a figure in the arts of painting and sculpture from time to time. The heroic stories of the historical city squares are depicted as they are depicted, and they are reflected as in a still scene from the occasional life. The meaning attributed to horses in every society and culture and the importance of these animals in life have been shaped by the dynamics of that society. For a warrior civilization, horses are like soldiers, while a pack animal for a pair can be a trailblazer for a hunter. In the art of painting, horses are depicted differently according to the understanding and culture of my period. The aim of this research is to examine the place and how the horse figure is handled in pre-Modern and Modern painting art. In the study, a few painting samples from the Baroque Period to the Modern Period (Impressionism) painting art were selected and examined. In this article using literature review, the subject was tried to be explained by using descriptive analysis, one of the qualitative research methods.

EXAMINING OF SPORT HIGH SCHOOL’S STUDENTS BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS ONLINE EDUCATION -SAMPLE FOR ISTANBUL-

Ramazan SANLAVRamazan SANLAV,, Ayten Güneş ÇELİK — 2024-08-29

In this study, the level of attitudes of sports high school students in Istanbul towards distance education lessons during the pandemic period and their attitudes' aimed to be examined in terms of variables such as gender, class level, number of family members, monthly income, presence of the study room and internet connection at home. Data collection tool, "Attitude Scale Towards Distance Education" which consists of 35 items, was applied to 121 students (94 males, 27 females) in grades 10-11 and 12 in four sports high schools in Istanbul. The results were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 package program. In the findings obtained, it was observed that the distance education attitudes of the students participating in the study were close to a low level while no significant difference was observed in the attitudes of the students in variables such as gender, number of family members, monthly income, presence of study room and internet connection at home, it was determined that there was a significant difference between 11th and 12th grade students in terms of grade level variable. Considering the low attitudes of sports high school students towards education with distance education, which is expected

ACUTE EFFECT OF INSTRUMENT ASSISTED SOFT TISSUE MOBILIZATION TECHNIQUE ON ANKLE MOBILITY IN ATHLETES: PRELIMINARY STUDY

Özge GAZİ,; Havva Burçe GÖÇMEZ, Muhammed Yusuf KAHRAMAN , Selda UZUN — 2024-08-29

Soft tissue stiffness, muscle tension and restricted joint movement are among the most important functional disorders that cause musculoskeletal system injuries. The tension of the muscles surrounding the ankle in athletes increases the incidence of injury by restricting the mobility of the ankle joint and affects the athlete's performance negatively.

In this research, the effect of the single-bout instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization technique (IASTM) applied to wrestlers on the degree of ankle range of motion was investigated.

In this study, 25 wrestling athletes active for at least 2 years between the ages of 14-17 were included. Before and after the single bout (15 min) IASTM technique to the foot, ankle muscles and tendons of the athletes, active ankle range of motion (dorsi and plantar flexion) was measured using a classic goniometer.

Dorsi and plantar flexion range of motion significantly increased after single bout of IASTM (p <0.01). Dorsi flexion degree (17.92 ± 5.55), which was below 20 degrees before the IASTM application, reached normal values of approximately 20.76 ° after the application. Consequently, the single-stage IASTM application has increased the ankle mobility or joint range of motion of the wrestlers. Thus, the integration of IASTM technique in exercise programs may decrease the incidence of injuries in athletes by increasing ankle flexibility.

THE EFFECT OF TEACHİNG PROOF BY COMPUTER ANİMATİONS AT 8TH GRADE MATHEMATİCS LESSON TO ACADEMİC ACHİEVEMENT

Gülhan YILMAZ,, Hasan ES — 2024-08-29

This study involved computer-assisted preparation of “proof” animations and search of whether teaching through animations influences student achievement. The subjects of the animations pre-pared were chosen based on three acquisitions on which the students made most mistakes accord-ing to the results of the recall tests prepared for them. The study, lasting three weeks, employed the single group pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental design. An achievement test, composed of 15 questions associated with the acquisitions of the animation subjects that were developed by the researcher by getting expert opinion, was used as a quantitative data collection tool. The study found out that teaching “proof” through computer animations improved the students’ academic achievement in the three acquisitions chosen.