JOURNAL OF SOCIAL, HUMANITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES (JOSHAS), Year 2024 Issue Cilt 10 Sayı 6

On the Key Determinants of Economic Growth

Zehra Doğan Çalışkan — 2024-11-30

Economic growth is a complex and multifaceted process influenced by various historical, social, cultural, and institutional factors. Understanding the key determinants of this process is vital for improving a country's economic performance and formulating effective, sustainable development strategies. This study undertakes an extensive review of existing literature to identify the fundamental determinants of economic growth and discusses relevant policy measures that can be adopted in relation to these factors.Recognizing these key variables enables governments to craft more effective economic policies and allocate resources more efficiently. For example, insights into how human capital, technology, and infrastructure investments impact growth are crucial for developing both short- and long-term strategies. Additionally, a deep understanding of growth dynamics helps countries design strategies related to international trade, investment, and technology transfer, which are essential for maintaining competitive advantages in the global economy. The findings of this study highlight the specific policies needed to foster economic growth and outline practical steps for their implementation. By focusing on these determinants, countries can achieve sustainable growth and enhance overall welfare. This work serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders aiming to comprehend and improve the dynamics of economic growth in their respective contexts.

Relationship Between Visual Thinking and Visual Expression: Housing Environment Landscape Project Studio Experience

Doruk Görkem ÖzkanDuygu Akyol Kuyumcuoğlu ,Edanur Özer — 2024-11-30

Landscape architecture is a discipline that creates spaces by considering the functional, aesthetic and semantic dimensions of the environment in line with human needs in the human-environment relationship. In the production of these spaces, the designer desires to create innovation and aims to present different designs for the user. The development of technology is constantly changing and developing landscape architecture education in terms of content and scope. In particular, the change in visualization technologies in the way students think is of great importance. This change can sometimes be positive and sometimes negative. It is stated that while it improves the creativity of the student, it sometimes limits it. This research did not focus on the effects of visual expression on creativity. This research aims to emphasize the importance of visual thinking and visual expression concepts in landscape architecture and to address these two concepts in the production of spaces within the scope of studio projects. In this context, the final products of Studio 2 course in the education program of Karadeniz Technical University Landscape Architecture Department were evaluated. The visual thinking and visual expressions of the students were evaluated with the final sheets of residential environment landscape projects. In the final projects, the concept determined by the students, the visualization of this concept, the user group and activity list they determined, plans, sections and 3D visuals were evaluated.

Evaluatıon of the Language Used in High School 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Grade Turkish Language and Literature Textbooks in Terms of Clarity and Comprehensibility

Bayram Özer Yasir Yıldız — 2024-11-30

Textbooks are the primary sources of teachers in the teaching of lessons in education and training processes. These books, which are always ready for the use of students, are adorned with information, examples and questions. Books prepared in accordance with the levels of the students contribute to the learning of the subjects at a high rate. This conformity includes both course contents, examples as well as texts. This study was carried out to examine the clarity and comprehensibility of the language used in the textbooks of Turkish Language and Literature courses taught in the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades of secondary education. The instructive texts in these books were evaluated by looking at their characteristics such as suitability for grade levels, suitability for student level, clarity and fluency in terms of grammar. Since the way of giving the information is as important as giving the right information to the students, it is also related to the easier learning and internalization of the subjects and achievements by the students, and the presentation of the information in a clear, clear and understandable way. In the study, literary texts are included in the study because they are the most important examples of the subjects covered. Qualitative research design was used in the research. As a result of the research, it was determined that the language used in the books was suitable for the student levels, and there was a problem in intelligibility only because there were many words of the old language in literary works. The instructive texts in the books are expressed clearly and understandably.

The Effect of Visual Rhetoric Strategies on Poster Design

Merve Ekiz Kaya , — 2024-11-30

Visual rhetoric has increasingly gained importance in modern society as a field where communication is achieved through visual elements with the aim of influencing the audience. It is widely utilized in various domains such as advertising, media, education, and politics, and has become a subject of study across multiple disciplines. In graphic design, visual rhetoric plays a crucial role in the effective communication of messages, capturing the audience’s attention, and evoking emotional responses. This research examines the role and historical development of visual rhetoric in poster design. Specifically, it addresses the use of rhetorical strategies (ethos, pathos, logos) in significant poster designs from the 19th and 20th centuries, assessing their impact on the audience. By considering the cultural and historical contexts of posters, the functionality and aesthetics of the visual elements used in conveying messages have been thoroughly analyzed. The findings of the research indicate that the rhetorical strategies employed in posters are effective in persuading and influencing the audience. The pathos strategy creates a strong impact by evoking emotional responses from the audience, while the logos strategy persuades through logical and rational arguments. The ethos strategy, on the other hand, gains the audience’s trust by evoking a sense of credibility and authority. Careful selection of elements such as color, typography, composition, and visual metaphors in posters enables the audience to receive the message more effectively. Additionally, the research explores the impact of visual rhetoric strategies on the historical development of poster design, supported by examples. While posters in the 19th century generally employed simple and direct messages, the 20th century saw the rise of more complex and metaphorical narratives. This shift led artists and designers to focus on utilizing the audience's visual literacy and critical thinking skills in conveying their messages. In this context, rhetorical and visual rhetoric strategies serve as tools that enhance the effectiveness of poster design, allowing for the more efficient communication of messages and fostering a strong connection with the audience.

An Examination of Teachers' Views on the Violence They Are Subjected to by Parents in Educational Institutions

Ahmet ÜstünDuygu Şenyer ,İsa Özcan — 2024-11-30

Violence is the totality of actions that negatively affect individuals’ physical and mental health, disrupt the structure of society, threaten the lives of the victims and cause harm materially, morally, physically and emotionally. Violence has reached remarkable dimensions in education and training fields as well as every segment of society. Twelve teachers working in educational institutions in Ladik, Samsun participated in the study. In this qualitative study, data were obtained through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. According to the results obtained from the data, all teachers participating in the research were exposed to physical or psychological violence or witnessed violence at school. The participants stated that teachers were exposed to violence due to reasons such as school principals who don’t have leadership qualities, wrong education policies, television programs promoting violence, social media and the lack of deterrent sanctions. The teachers who participated in the survey suggested solutions such as assigning school administrators based on merit, adopting educational policies that value teachers, increasing security measures in schools and regulating personal rights of teachers, to prevent violence.

The Association Between Independent Audit Firm Rotation, Key Audit Matters And Financial Reporting Quality: BIST 30 Analysis

İrem Özcan — 2024-11-30

This study aims to measure the association between independent audit firm rotation, key audit matters, and financial reporting quality. For this objective, the data of the companies included in the BIST 30 index between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed. Discretionary accruals and goodwill impairment disclosures were preferred to represent financial reporting quality. Three separate models were established in the research part of the study. Model (1) measures the association between audit firm rotation, change of key audit matters, and the Big 4 audit firms. Model (2) analyzes the influence of audit firm rotation, change in key audit matters, big 4 audit firms, and return on assets on financial reporting quality. Discretionary accruals and goodwill impairment were preferred to measure financial reporting quality. The model developed by Kothari, Leone, and Wasley (2005) was used to measure discretionary accruals. Panel data analysis was applied for all three models. As a result of the panel data analysis conducted for Model (1), it was found that audit firm rotation and the Big 4 audit firms did not have a significant impact on the changes in key audit matters. Panel data analysis was applied to Model (2) using the discretionary accruals data obtained from Model (3). According to the analysis results of Model (2), changes in key audit matters and return on assets have a significant and positive impact on the quality of financial reporting. As a outcome of this study, which examined the data of BIST 30 companies between 2017 and 2022, it was concluded that changes in key audit matters and return on assets positively affect the quality of financial reporting. This study can be improved by using different ratios as indicators of financial reporting quality or by including a larger number of companies, sectors, or countries in the analysis.

The Role and Importance of Ventilation in Firefighting

Doğan Kazak — 2024-11-30

This article emphasizes the critical importance of ventilation for firefighters in fire suppression. The evacuation of smoke, hot gases, and toxic substances that accumulate during a fire plays a vital role in preventing the fire from spreading and ensuring the safety of firefighters. Proper and timely ventilation facilitates fire control, while incorrect timing or improper methods can cause the fire to spread more rapidly. Ventilation strategies become more complex, especially in enclosed space fires, and require careful planning.

The article examines natural, mechanical, hydraulic, vertical, and horizontal ventilation techniques, exploring how each offers advantages and disadvantages based on the structure of the fire, the building's characteristics, and the firefighters' intervention strategies. It is noted that applying ventilation techniques appropriately to the fire's various stages and dynamics can reduce the rate of fire spread by 30-50%.

Additionally, improper ventilation in enclosed space fires can lead to dangerous situations such as flashover, flameover, and backdraft. Coordinated work between ventilation and firefighting teams during a fire makes it easier to keep the fire under control and enhances the safety of the firefighters. The article emphasizes the importance of regular maintenance and testing of ventilation systems, particularly in large structures, and highlights how the integration of fire detection and ventilation systems can make a significant difference in fire safety. In conclusion, the implementation of effective ventilation strategies in firefighting plays a key role in ensuring firefighter safety and controlling the fire.

Musical and Literary Analysis of Eskişehir Folk Songs in the Turkish Folk Music Repertoire

Pelin Demirçe Altıntaş — 2024-11-30

The first sign of life, the voice; is the most important feature that human beings have used to express themselves since the first day of their existence. From primitive societies to civilized societies, people have used their own voices as the most important means of communication and thus have created their own identities individually, traditions collectively and differences from other communities. People have often paved the way for these differences and then passed them on to future generations through the folk songs they have melodized. Folk songs, which are important oral culture products, reflect the historical decay experiences, understandings, parts and beliefs of a nation with their words and music, which are included in their cultural formations. The aim of doing this was determined as examining the Eskişehir folk songs in the broken weather conditions in the repertoire of the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation and revealing the musical and literary structure. Examining the folk songs in the TRT repertoire in terms of literary and musical elements is important in terms of the cultural diversity and richness of a region's musical structure. Such studies reveal the regional fragmentary lifestyle, beliefs, values and musical tastes. Most of the Eskişehir folk songs have been identified in broken weather conditions, in the Hüseyni mode, in 2 and 4-time rhythms, as well as in 9/8 rhythms. The subject content includes universal themes such as love, passion, exile, and sequence changes, as well as regional elements. This study was concerned with establishing a starting point for a more comprehensive examination of Eskişehir folk songs and their transfer to future generations.

Examining the Effects of Social Media on Students' Family Communication and Social Life Abstract

Sevil Özkan GültekinŞükrü Ada ,Hale Gönenç — 2024-11-30

This study explores the effects of social media use on high school students' family communication and social relationships. A sample of 212 students from grades 9 to 12 at BTSO Ali Osman Sönmez Social Sciences High School was randomly selected for the 2023-2024 academic year. Data were gathered using Demir's (2016) "Scale for Determining the Impact of Social Media Use on Family Communication" and analyzed with SPSS 27.The findings reveal that increased social media use correlates with a decline in family communication. Specifically, the longer students spend on social media, the less they engage in family interactions. This effect was particularly significant among 12th-grade students, suggesting that older students may experience a stronger disconnect from their families due to their social media habits.In response to these results, the study recommends implementing educational programs and strategies in both family and school settings to address the negative impact of social media. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for guidance to help parents and educators promote more mindful social media use, thereby fostering healthier relationships among students and improving family communication.

Evaluation Of Animals Described In Greek Mythology In Their Symbolic Context

Zennübe Işık Aysun Kösece — 2024-11-30

Greek mythology has become a source of deep meaning for humanity throughout history, beyond just being a storytelling tool. While myths generally help people understand the universe, nature and their own existence, mythological figures and their symbolic elements have created a rich symbolism. One of the most important of these symbols is animal symbols. This study examines the symbolic meanings of animal symbols in Greek mythology and their narratives in the context of mythology and their effects on Greek culture. The aim of the study is to reveal the social symbolic values of animal symbols, which are frequently encountered in ancient Greek mythology, and the gods, goddesses and their relationships with them. The research was carried out by examining mythological texts in detail and reviewing the literature. The findings show that animal symbols have an important place not only in religious rituals but also in the daily lives of people in Greek society, in literature and in the field of art. It has been determined that the animal symbols used symbolize the powers, spheres of influence and qualities of gods and goddesses and play an important role in the transfer of cultural and social values. Animal motifs in Greek mythology were sometimes used as symbols of power and sometimes as a kind of punishment. This study reveals that animal symbols in Greek mythology have detailed and comprehensive symbolic meanings and that these meanings provide significant contributions to the understanding of religious and social structure and culture by Greek society.