Questioning The Panopticon Theory Through The Concept Of Art And Power
Sanat Ve Güç Kavramı Üzerinden “Panoptikon”
Abstract
The Panopticon, which takes its name from the prison building model designed by the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham in 1785, means to observe the whole. The main idea underlying the concept of the panopticon is the desire of the period to control the large masses. Since the beginning of history, man has instinctively entered into a sometimes passive and sometimes active resistance against all kinds of actions that restrict his freedom. On the other hand, humanity has also needed the existence of a superior power. This supreme power is sometimes the role of a creator, and sometimes the role of a manager / leader assigned to a person. One of the dark sides of this role is the desire to control power and surveillance. From the past to the present, especially the desire of the government to have control has transformed the understanding of surveillance into a kind of control mechanism. On the other hand, the panopticon, which is one of the basic concepts of both sociology and philosophy, is a kind of prison model. This word, which is formed from the combination of the words pan and opticon, means to completely spy on a place. This model consists of single-chamber cells of several tiers, installed in a round assembly. These structures, designed to spread surveillance anxiety and fear, appear as a central control tower. From the tower, all cells are visible one by one. However, people from the cells can not see the person who is watching. With this research, the transformation of a concept that was originally conceived as a prison model into a philosophical theory was discussed by questioning the concept of art and power. When the deep and observant side of art is integrated with philosophy, it has been tried to give a different perspective to the concept of “panopticon”.
Keywords
Panoptikon, Gözetim, Sanat ve Panoptikon, Sanat ve Güç.
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